OCPP Explained: The Open Standard Powering EV Charging Networks
OCPP (Open Charge Point Protocol) versions for EV charging define the communication standard that enables EV chargers and central management systems to exchange data reliably. OCPP ensures interoperability between different manufacturers, allowing networks to scale without locking operators into a single vendor.
For CPOs, installers and resellers, OCPP standards for EV charging networks provide a common language that simplifies integration, remote management and data sharing across the entire EV ecosystem.
What is OCPP?
OCPP, the Open Charge Point Protocol, is an open communication standard that lets an EV charger and a central management system talk to each other. That management system is often called a CPMS (Charge Point Management System) or CSMS (Charging Station Management System). Whenever a charger reports a session, receives a firmware update, or responds to a remote command, it is usually OCPP doing the talking.
The protocol was first developed in 2009 and is now maintained by the Open Charge Alliance, a non-profit that publishes the specification for free. Because it is an open standard rather than a proprietary one, any hardware maker or software platform can implement it. That is the whole point: OCPP keeps the market interoperable and stops operators being locked into a single vendor.
OCPP Versions: What You Need To Know
The Open Charge Point Protocol has evolved to meet the growing complexity of EV infrastructure. The most relevant and widely implemented versions today are OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0.1, and the newest release, OCPP 2.1.
OCPP 1.6: The Reliable Standard
OCPP 1.6 was released in 2015 and remains the most commonly deployed version globally. It supports essential features such as remote monitoring, smart charging, and firmware updates, making it the backbone of most commercial charging setups today.
Nearly all major Charge Point Management Systems (CPMS), including Monta, Spirii, Virta, AMPECO, Reev, ChargePanel, Vaylens, and ChargeIT, support OCPP 1.6. This broad compatibility makes it a dependable foundation for installers and CPOs looking for proven interoperability.
OCPP 2.0.1: Enhanced Security and Control
OCPP 2.0.1, released in 2020, introduced major improvements over 1.6. It brought stronger cybersecurity, event notification, and better device management, features that are particularly useful for large-scale networks.
It also added support for smart energy management, firmware version tracking, and more detailed error diagnostics. These capabilities make OCPP 2.0.1 the natural choice for operators seeking advanced functionality. The two versions are not directly compatible, so a move from 1.6 to 2.0.1 is a deliberate upgrade rather than a drop-in swap.
OCPP 2.0.1 has since been adopted as an international standard, IEC 63584, which gives procurement teams and regulators a formal reference point. Many CPMS platforms, including AMPECO, have confirmed support for it, enabling smoother migration for growing networks.
OCPP 2.1: Built for the Future of EV Charging
The latest version, OCPP 2.1, was released by the Open Charge Alliance in January 2025. It builds directly on 2.0.1 and introduces full support for ISO 15118-20, the standard that enables Plug and Charge and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) communication.
This makes OCPP 2.1 the most future-ready version to date, capable of handling bidirectional charging, distributed energy resource (DER) control, and dynamic grid interaction. It also improves session handling, device authorisation, and cybersecurity compliance. Application logic written for 2.0.1 is designed to keep working under 2.1, so the upgrade path is a gentle one.
In short, OCPP 2.1 bridges today’s EV charging with tomorrow’s smart-energy ecosystem.
Choosing the Right OCPP Version for Your EV Charging Setup
For most installations today, OCPP 1.6 remains reliable and widely supported. However, new deployments aiming for long-term scalability and ISO 15118 readiness should prioritise OCPP 2.0.1 or 2.1.
When choosing hardware, check which OCPP versions are certified. amina C is designed for OCPP 2.0.1, with forward-compatibility planned for OCPP 2.1, ensuring your charging network evolves with the industry.
How Does OCPP Work in EV Charging?
OCPP defines how data flows between the EV charger and a central management system. The charger sends live information, such as charging status, user ID, energy usage, and error codes, to the CPMS, which then analyses and controls operations remotely.
Through this link, operators can:
- Monitor charger status in real time
- Push firmware updates over the air
- Diagnose faults and restart chargers remotely
- Manage energy loads dynamically
This communication backbone keeps networks stable, cost-efficient, and easy to maintain.
Key Features of OCPP
- Remote firmware updates and diagnostics
- Real-time status monitoring
- Smart charging and dynamic load balancing
- User authentication (RFID, app, or Plug and Charge)
- Secure data encryption and logging
- Event-driven communication for better uptime
Why OCPP is Important
OCPP benefits every part of the EV charging chain:
- Installers gain easier setup and broader compatibility.
- Resellers protect hardware investment through open standards.
- CPOs and CPMS providers manage multi-brand charger networks under one platform.
- Energy retailers integrate chargers into wider demand-response systems.
It effectively keeps the ecosystem open and avoids vendor lock-in.
The Benefits of OCPP for Installers
OCPP-compliant chargers simplify installation, configuration, and maintenance. Installers can connect hardware to any compatible management platform, saving time on setup and ensuring the system can evolve without replacing physical chargers.
Future-Proofing EV Chargers with OCPP 2.1
OCPP 2.1 enables full ISO 15118-20 integration, unlocking Plug and Charge and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) functionality. This future-proofs charging stations as energy systems become more connected and vehicles start participating in grid balancing.
By adopting OCPP 2.1-ready hardware, resellers and CPOs ensure long-term value and compliance with upcoming European regulations for smart charging and cybersecurity.
OCPP and the Role of CPMS
Modern CPMS platforms act as the operational heart of charging networks.
Systems such as Monta, Spirii, AMPECO, Reev, and Virta are compatible with OCPP 1.6 today, while some, including AMPECO, have already implemented OCPP 2.0.1 integration and announced plans for OCPP 2.1 support as certification progresses.
These systems allow operators to:
- Manage chargers from multiple manufacturers
- Analyse charging data and revenue
- Set pricing, access, and energy limits
- Integrate with payment and billing APIs
Cost-Saving Potential with OCPP-Enabled Chargers
OCPP reduces operational costs by enabling remote management, predictive maintenance, and smarter load control. For example:
- Remote updates remove the need for physical site visits.
- Live monitoring minimises downtime.
- Dynamic load balancing optimises energy costs.
Together, these reduce the total cost of ownership while increasing network efficiency.
Are There Any Limitations with OCPP?
While OCPP provides flexibility, implementation quality can vary. Compatibility is guaranteed only when both charger and management platform are certified under the same version.
To ensure reliable operation, always choose OCPP-certified hardware and confirm that your CPMS supports your target version (1.6, 2.0.1 or 2.1).
Frequently Asked Questions about OCPP in EV Charging
What does OCPP stand for?
OCPP stands for Open Charge Point Protocol. It is the open communication standard between an EV charger and its management system, maintained by the Open Charge Alliance.
How does OCPP work in an EV charging setup?
OCPP defines how a charger communicates with its management system, enabling remote control, data monitoring, and updates.
Why is OCPP important for EV chargers?
It ensures interoperability and scalability, allowing different hardware and software providers to work together.
Is OCPP free to use?
Yes. The specification is published and can be downloaded for free from the Open Charge Alliance, and any manufacturer or platform can implement it without a licence fee. Certification and implementation work still cost money, but the standard itself is open.
What is the difference between OCPP and OCPI?
OCPP connects a charger to its management platform. OCPI (Open Charge Point Interface) connects platforms to each other for roaming and pricing transparency. They solve different problems and are often used together in commercial networks. For a closer look at how OCPP compares to a direct API, see our guide on API versus OCPP.
What are the benefits of OCPP for installers?
It simplifies setup, shortens installation time, and allows flexibility across CPMS providers.
What is new in OCPP 2.1?
OCPP 2.1 adds ISO 15118-20 support for Plug and Charge and V2G, along with bidirectional charging and DER control, future-proofing EV charging networks.
Which CPMS platforms support OCPP 1.6 or higher?
Platforms such as Monta, Spirii, Virta, AMPECO, Reev, ChargePanel, Vaylens, and ChargeIT support OCPP 1.6. AMPECO publicly supports OCPP 2.0.1 and is working towards OCPP 2.1 certification.
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